arXiv:2608.11285v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the practical relevance of sparse decision-based black-box threats, they have received limited attention in semantic segmentation. To bridge this gap, we adapt the most representative decision-based black-box sparse attacks from the classification domain to serve as baselines, establishing a rigorous benchmark for this underexplored setting. In this context, we demonstrate that one of the existing methods suffers from severe query inefficiency due to its image-centric pixel accumulation, which rapidly exhausts query budgets across the vast image space. To overcome this, we propose SegPAR, a novel decision-based framework that shifts to a class-centric exploration paradigm. Furthermore, to eliminate the misleading feedback generated by standard decision rewards during pixel accumulation, we introduce a novel discrepancy reward. Extensive experiments show that SegPAR significantly outperforms black-box baselines in sparsity efficien...